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Nutrient

Choline

Emerging research

An essential nutrient related to the B vitamins, used in liver function, brain signaling, and cell membranes. Eggs, liver, fish, and soy are notable sources.

Often discussed in relation to

Commonly noted

Commonly noted
Choline is an essential nutrient, related to the B vitamins, that the body uses in liver function, brain and nerve signaling, and building cell membranes; the body makes some, but most people also get it from food such as eggs, meat, fish, and soy.
Low intake
Low choline intake is commonly discussed in relation to fatigue and, in some reports, fatty changes in the liver, though the body makes part of what it uses.
Higher intake
Very high choline from supplements is commonly discussed in relation to sweating, a fishy body odor, and digestive upset; the commonly cited upper intake level for adults is 3,500 mg a day.

Source: NIH ODS

Reference intakes

General reference figures for a typical adult, not a personal target.

  • aiadult_female425 mgDRI/NASEM
  • aiadult_male550 mgDRI/NASEM
  • uladult3500 mgDRI/NASEM

Foods and products containing it

Feelments is for personal records and general wellness education. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

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